Parkinson
Parkinson’s disease is a progressive neurological disorder that affects movement control. It occurs when the brain cells that produce dopamine, a neurotransmitter responsible for transmitting signals to the part of the brain that controls movement, begin to die. As dopamine levels decrease, it leads to the hallmark symptoms of Parkinson’s.
The primary symptoms of Parkinson’s disease include:
- Tremors: Shaking or trembling, typically starting in the hands or fingers.
- Bradykinesia: Slowness of movement, making it difficult to initiate or complete tasks.
- Rigidity: Muscle stiffness, which can limit the range of motion and cause discomfort.
- Postural Instability: Difficulty with balance and coordination, increasing the risk of falls.
Other non-motor symptoms may include depression, sleep disturbances, constipation, cognitive changes, and speech difficulties.
The exact cause of Parkinson’s disease is not fully understood, though it is believed to result from a combination of genetic and environmental factors. While age is a major risk factor, Parkinson’s disease typically affects individuals over the age of 60, and men are more likely to develop it than women.
Treatment for Parkinson’s disease focuses on managing symptoms since there is no cure. Medications like levodopa (which is converted into dopamine in the brain) and dopamine agonists are commonly used to help improve motor symptoms. In more advanced cases, surgical interventions such as deep brain stimulation may be considered. Physical therapy, exercise, and lifestyle modifications can also improve quality of life by helping with mobility and reducing symptoms.
Though Parkinson’s is a progressive condition, early diagnosis and appropriate treatment can help manage symptoms and maintain independence for many years.
