Disc Problem
A disc problem, often referred to as a herniated disc or slipped disc, occurs when one of the rubbery cushions (intervertebral discs) between the vertebrae in the spine becomes damaged or displaced. These discs act as shock absorbers and allow flexibility in the spine. When a disc is damaged, the gel-like center (nucleus pulposus) can push through a tear in the outer ring (annulus fibrosus), potentially pressing on nearby nerves.
Symptoms of a disc problem vary depending on the location of the injury and the severity. Common signs include localized pain in the back or neck, radiating pain (such as sciatica) into the arms or legs, numbness, tingling, or weakness in the affected limb. In some cases, a herniated disc may not cause noticeable symptoms, and the problem may be discovered incidentally through imaging tests like an MRI.
Causes of disc problems often involve age-related wear and tear (degenerative disc disease), but can also result from sudden injury, repetitive strain, or improper lifting techniques. Other risk factors include obesity, poor posture, and a sedentary lifestyle.
Treatment for a disc problem generally begins with conservative methods, such as rest, physical therapy, medications (NSAIDs, muscle relaxants), and lifestyle changes (improving posture and strengthening muscles). In severe cases or when conservative treatments fail, surgery (like a discectomy or spinal fusion) may be necessary to relieve pressure on the nerves and restore function.
